Hva Skjer’a ?
Denne tråden er stengt for nye innlegg.
01.10.2021 kl 16:07
225000 aksjer omsatt før 09:10 på stigende priser på en «negativ børsdag»....
Her er det definitivt noe som skjer - stay tuned...
Her er det definitivt noe som skjer - stay tuned...
Redigert 15.09.2021 kl 17:36
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Qubase
30.01.2021 kl 10:54
9634
Hva skjer a? Jo det skal jeg fortelle deg, her skjer det svært lite selv om det hver eneste dag er noen som forsøker å holde spenningen oppe med å pumpe tråden full av informasjon. Her er det bare å komme seg ut, bruke pengene på en annen aksje det er mer bevegelse i.
God tur videre til dere som venter på at denne skal ta av som en rakett.
God tur videre til dere som venter på at denne skal ta av som en rakett.
StockWizard
30.01.2021 kl 12:24
9427
Hei Ku-base (fjøs?) ;)
Takk for at du bryr deg om oss og bruker tid/energi for at vi selger oss ut:)
Takk for at du bryr deg om oss og bruker tid/energi for at vi selger oss ut:)
Yngling ØH
30.01.2021 kl 12:26
9428
Les denne:
https://www.dagbladet.no/nyheter/norge-apner-for-mutasjonsavtaler/73346313
"...Når vi ser disse mutasjonene og er usikre på om effektiviteten av vaksinene påvirkes, er det sannsynlig å anta at noen vaksiner vil ha svekket effektivitet. Det er usikkert om det lages alternative vaksiner..."
Jeg har også stusset på at det virker som fokuset på oppdaterte vaksiner fra Pfizer og Moderna har fokusert på UK og SA variantene, mens Brasil-variantene ikke er nevnt noe sted. Det virker ikke som vaksineselskapene har tatt grep for å oppdatere for Brasil-variantene, eller så kan det være at de fortsatt forsøker, men har ikke lykkes...
https://www.dagbladet.no/nyheter/norge-apner-for-mutasjonsavtaler/73346313
"...Når vi ser disse mutasjonene og er usikre på om effektiviteten av vaksinene påvirkes, er det sannsynlig å anta at noen vaksiner vil ha svekket effektivitet. Det er usikkert om det lages alternative vaksiner..."
Jeg har også stusset på at det virker som fokuset på oppdaterte vaksiner fra Pfizer og Moderna har fokusert på UK og SA variantene, mens Brasil-variantene ikke er nevnt noe sted. Det virker ikke som vaksineselskapene har tatt grep for å oppdatere for Brasil-variantene, eller så kan det være at de fortsatt forsøker, men har ikke lykkes...
VestVind
30.01.2021 kl 13:20
9318
Lykke til med andre plasseringer Qubase.
Selv sitter jeg godt i Bergenbio, og ingen planer om å selge noe før tidligst 2023.
Siste nyheter var jo som vi håpet på, og selv om det er mye mas om lottogevinsten ved Covid-effekt, så går kreftforsøkene so et tog.
Keytruda er spådd å bli en av verdens mest innbringende medisiner noen år frem, og viser en tydelig forbedret effekt i kombinasjon med Bemcentinib.
"This ongoing study supports the continued development of AXL inhibition with bemcentinib in order to extend the efficacy of immunotherapy in biomarker-selected refractory non—small cell lung cancer,"
https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/phase-2-study-finds-bemcentinib-plus-pembrolizumab-well-tolerated-clinically-active-in-advanced-nsclc
Selskapet kunne gjerne vært litt sprekere i legmannsspråk i børsmeldingene, men de som investerer i pharma i litt større skala enn Hegnar Online chattere vet nok hva dette betyr. Og for meg ser det ut til at hver melding underbygger plan og resultat selskapet tidligere har annonsert, og aldri negative overraskelser. Kursen kan gjerne henge etter en stund, men dette selskapet vil bli repriset, og jeg tror det vil skje før året er omme.
Lykke til alle sammen.
Selv sitter jeg godt i Bergenbio, og ingen planer om å selge noe før tidligst 2023.
Siste nyheter var jo som vi håpet på, og selv om det er mye mas om lottogevinsten ved Covid-effekt, så går kreftforsøkene so et tog.
Keytruda er spådd å bli en av verdens mest innbringende medisiner noen år frem, og viser en tydelig forbedret effekt i kombinasjon med Bemcentinib.
"This ongoing study supports the continued development of AXL inhibition with bemcentinib in order to extend the efficacy of immunotherapy in biomarker-selected refractory non—small cell lung cancer,"
https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/phase-2-study-finds-bemcentinib-plus-pembrolizumab-well-tolerated-clinically-active-in-advanced-nsclc
Selskapet kunne gjerne vært litt sprekere i legmannsspråk i børsmeldingene, men de som investerer i pharma i litt større skala enn Hegnar Online chattere vet nok hva dette betyr. Og for meg ser det ut til at hver melding underbygger plan og resultat selskapet tidligere har annonsert, og aldri negative overraskelser. Kursen kan gjerne henge etter en stund, men dette selskapet vil bli repriset, og jeg tror det vil skje før året er omme.
Lykke til alle sammen.
ctrlaltdel
30.01.2021 kl 14:24
9191
RNA teknologien, trot jeg, vil kanskje bli vinneren. Også innen canser.
Londonmannen
30.01.2021 kl 14:29
9249
Mandag skriver vi februar. Fortsatt pågår uttesting av Bemcentinib i India, SA og i UK. Jeg vil tro at man på nåværende tidspunkt vil ha hatt tilstrekkelig med pasienter gjennom behandling til å kunne avgjøre om der er null effekt av Bemcentinib. Men terminert er det ikke ......
Yngling ØH
30.01.2021 kl 14:31
9240
Ja, det kan godt være, men det er en del år frem i tid. Vaccibody har også spennende teknologi, men sannsynligheten for 20× der er jeg ikke så sikker på. Men det kan bli veldig stort.
I mellomtiden virker BerGenBio som et bedre veddemål.
I mellomtiden virker BerGenBio som et bedre veddemål.
focuss
30.01.2021 kl 17:06
9003
Jeg trodde det var enighet om at de ikke vet noe om effekt før studiet er ferdig. Om de skulle gjøre det så er de også i konflikt med verdipapirloven å ikke melde det.
King
30.01.2021 kl 19:13
8753
Covid-19 studier i 3 land som enda ikke er stanset. Svært positivt spør du meg. Godfrey gleder seg til å presentere nyheter early Q1. Ikke lang tid igjen nå og vi er nok mange som har forventninger og håper vi kan ta del i CEO’s entusiasme.
Londonmannen
30.01.2021 kl 19:29
8722
Så på hvilket grunnlag er andre medikamenter blitt terminert fra Accord da? Vil jo tro at det skyldes ingen effekt. Da vil det ikke være etisk forsvarlig å fortsette.
Men det er ikke ensbetydende med at de kjenner detaljert hvilken effekt som oppnås.
Vi skal heller ikke glemme at det var fire pasienter som var behandlet med Bemcentinib før Accord ble terminert sommeren 2020. Hvorfor ble Bemcentinib tatt inn igjen i september dersom disse fire pasientene hadde null effekt?
Jeg respekterer at andre mener at ledelsen lever som sjampinjonger; kept in darkness, fed by shit. Men jeg kan ikke fri meg fra tanken om at andre medikamenter er blitt kutter ut, men ikke Bemcentinib.
Men det er ikke ensbetydende med at de kjenner detaljert hvilken effekt som oppnås.
Vi skal heller ikke glemme at det var fire pasienter som var behandlet med Bemcentinib før Accord ble terminert sommeren 2020. Hvorfor ble Bemcentinib tatt inn igjen i september dersom disse fire pasientene hadde null effekt?
Jeg respekterer at andre mener at ledelsen lever som sjampinjonger; kept in darkness, fed by shit. Men jeg kan ikke fri meg fra tanken om at andre medikamenter er blitt kutter ut, men ikke Bemcentinib.
focuss
30.01.2021 kl 19:33
8700
Jeg vil jo tro at forsøk termineres om det oppleves sterke uventede bivirkninger. Dersom Godfrey sitter på gode resultater fra de fire og ikke har børsmeldt det så bør han børsmelde så han ikke faller for fristelsen å bare fortelle det til venner og bekjente. Det er derfor verdipapirloven er som den er og også årsaken til at Oslo Børs ikke er et større galehus enn hva det er.
Redigert 30.01.2021 kl 19:38
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Arne_And
30.01.2021 kl 20:12
8580
Akkurat den uttalelsen om han gleder seg fikk jo en markant virkning på kursen da han sa det. Så får vi se om dette blir det vi håper på. Håper bare han ikke har tatt en Costa fra NanoVector. Håper også at holder det han lover at det blir publisert resultater og at de har snart gjort deg ferdig med 60-60 innrulleringa og dosert nå tidlig i Q1. I min bok bør det bli før februar er omme.
Yngling ØH
30.01.2021 kl 20:52
8466
Nå har viruset mutert slik at det tåler ekstreme temperaturforandringer.
Si farvell til heving av smittevernregler på sommeren.
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.24.427990v1
Si farvell til heving av smittevernregler på sommeren.
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.24.427990v1
BioBull
30.01.2021 kl 23:05
8222
Vi satser på Bemcentinib gjør jobben !
Det blir immunitet og god stemning - garantert !
Fortel Reddit at BGBIO er topp - da går det opp !
Det blir immunitet og god stemning - garantert !
Fortel Reddit at BGBIO er topp - da går det opp !
Yngling ØH
31.01.2021 kl 17:00
7701
I oktober 2020 er det data fra blodprøver som indikerer at 76% av befolkningen i Manaus, Brasil, hadde vert smittet av Sars-CoV-2.
Såkalt "herd immunity" anslås å oppstå ved ca 67%.
Likevel har smitten økt på den siste måneden, som sterkt indikerer at Brasil mutasjonene (P1 mfl) ilke stoppes av tidligere immunitet mot andre sars varianter.
Det er heller ingen vaksineselskap som har uttalg at de har studert- eller skal justere vaksinene sine for Brasil-variantene, noe som kan peke i retning mot at de ikke har lykkes ennå med å endre vaksineformlene sine til å være effektiv mot disse mutasjonene.
Om Brasil mutasjonene brer om seg, så kan vi kanskje være tilbake på scratch ... eller enda lengre bak enn scratch, da økonomiene- og helsevesenet i mange land nå er skviset til ytterpunktet av hva de kan tåle.
Merk også at pengemengden i mange land har økt sykt mye. Dollarpressen går helt amok.
Se lenken:
https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/currency-in-circulation-bil-of-$-m-nsa-fed-data.html
Trykk på "Max".
Resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus, Brazil, despite high seroprevalence
After initially containing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), many European and Asian countries had a resurgence of COVID-19 consistent with a large proportion of the population remaining susceptible to the virus after the first epidemic wave.
By contrast, in Manaus, Brazil, a study of blood donors indicated that 76% (95% CI 67–98) of the population had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 by October, 2020.
High attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 were also estimated in population-based samples from other locations in the Amazon Basin—eg, Iquitos, Peru 70% (67–73).
The estimated SARS-CoV-2 attack rate in Manaus would be above the theoretical herd immunity threshold (67%), given a basic case reproduction number (R0) of 3.
In this context, the abrupt increase in the number of COVID-19 hospital admissions in Manaus during January, 2021 (3431 in Jan 1–19, 2021, vs 552 in Dec 1–19, 2020) is unexpected and of concern (figure).
After a large epidemic that peaked in late April, 2020, COVID-19 hospitalisations in Manaus remained stable and fairly low for 7 months from May to November, despite the relaxation of COVID-19 control measures during that period (figure).
There are at least four non-mutually exclusive possible explanations for the resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus. First, the SARS-CoV-2 attack rate could have been overestimated during the first wave, and the population remained below the herd immunity threshold until the beginning of December, 2020. In this scenario, the resurgence could be explained by greater mixing of infected and susceptible individuals during December. The 76% estimate of past infection
might have been biased upwards due to adjustments to the observed 52·5% (95% CI 47·6–57·5) seroprevalence in June, 2020, to account for antibody waning. However, even this lower bound should confer important population immunity to avoid a larger outbreak. Furthermore, comparisons of blood donors with census data showed no major difference in a range of demographic variables, and the mandatory exclusion of donors with symptoms of COVID-19 is expected to underestimate the true population exposure to the virus. Reanalysis and model comparison by independent groups will help inform the best-fitting models for antibody waning and the representativeness of blood donors.
Second, immunity against infection might have already begun to wane by December, 2020, because of a general decrease in immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 after a first exposure. Waning of anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibody titres observed in blood donors
might reflect a loss of immune protection, although immunity to SARS-CoV-2 depends on a combination of B-cell and T-cell responses.
A study of UK health-care workers
showed that reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is uncommon up to 6 months after the primary infection. However, most of the SARS-CoV-2 infections in Manaus occurred 7–8 months before the resurgence in January, 2021; this is longer than the period covered by the UK study,
but nonetheless suggests that waning immunity alone is unlikely to fully explain the recent resurgence. Moreover, population mobility in Manaus decreased from mid-November, 2020, with a sharp reduction in late December, 2020,
suggesting that behavioural change does not account for the resurgence of hospitalisations.
Third, SARS-CoV-2 lineages might evade immunity generated in response to previous infection.
Three recently detected SARS-CoV-2 lineages (B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1), are unusually divergent and each possesses a unique constellation of mutations of potential biological importance.
Of these, two are circulating in Brazil (B.1.1.7 and P.1) and one (P.1) was detected in Manaus on Jan 12, 2021.
One case of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection has been associated with the P.1 lineage in Manaus that accrued ten unique spike protein mutations, including E484K and N501K.
Moreover, the newly classified P.2 lineage (sublineage of B.1.128 that independently accrued the spike E484K mutation) has now been detected in several locations in Brazil, including Manaus.
P.2 variants with the E484K mutation have been detected in two people who have been reinfected with SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil, and there is in-vitro evidence that the presence of the E484K mutation reduces neutralisation by polyclonal antibodies in convalescent sera.
Fourth, SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in the second wave might have higher inherent transmissibility than pre-existing lineages circulating in Manaus. The P.1 lineage was first discovered in Manaus.
In a preliminary study, this lineage reached a high frequency (42%, 13 of 31) among genome samples obtained from COVID-19 cases in December, 2020, but was absent in 26 samples collected in Manaus between March and November, 2020.
Thus far, little is known about the transmissibility of the P.1 lineage, but it shares several independently acquired mutations with the B.1.1.7 (N501Y) and the B.1.325 (K417N/T, E484K, N501Y) lineages circulating in the UK and South Africa, which seem to have increased transmissibility.
Contact tracing and outbreak investigation data are needed to better understand relative transmissibility of this lineage.
The new SARS-CoV-2 lineages may drive a resurgence of cases in the places where they circulate if they have increased transmissibility compared with pre-existing circulating lineages and if they are associated with antigenic escape. For this reason, the genetic, immunological, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics of these SARS-CoV-2 variants need to be quickly investigated. Conversely, if resurgence in Manaus is due to waning of protective immunity, then similar resurgence scenarios should be expected in other locations. Sustained serological and genomic surveillance in Manaus and elsewhere is a priority, with simultaneous monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Determining the efficacy of existing COVID-19 vaccines against variants in the P.1 lineage and other lineages with potential immune escape variants is also crucial. Genotyping viruses from COVID-19 patients who were not protected by vaccination in clinical trials would help us to understand if there are lineage-specific frequencies underlying reinfection. The protocols and findings of such studies should be coordinated and rapidly shared wherever such variants emerge and spread.
Since rapid data sharing is the basis for the development and implementation of actionable disease control measures during public health emergencies, we are openly sharing in real-time monthly curated serosurvey data from blood donors through the Brazil–UK Centre for Arbovirus Discovery, Diagnosis, Genomics and Epidemiology (CADDE) Centre GitHub website and will continue to share genetic sequence data and results from Manaus through openly accessible data platforms such as GISAID and Virological.
NRF reports funding from Wellcome Trust, the Royal Society, and the UK Medical Research Council. CAP reports grants from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Brasil and FAPESP. NMF reports grants from the UK Medical Research Council, the UK National Institute of Health Research, Community Jameel, NIH NIGMS, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. The other authors declare no competing interests.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00183-5/fulltext
Såkalt "herd immunity" anslås å oppstå ved ca 67%.
Likevel har smitten økt på den siste måneden, som sterkt indikerer at Brasil mutasjonene (P1 mfl) ilke stoppes av tidligere immunitet mot andre sars varianter.
Det er heller ingen vaksineselskap som har uttalg at de har studert- eller skal justere vaksinene sine for Brasil-variantene, noe som kan peke i retning mot at de ikke har lykkes ennå med å endre vaksineformlene sine til å være effektiv mot disse mutasjonene.
Om Brasil mutasjonene brer om seg, så kan vi kanskje være tilbake på scratch ... eller enda lengre bak enn scratch, da økonomiene- og helsevesenet i mange land nå er skviset til ytterpunktet av hva de kan tåle.
Merk også at pengemengden i mange land har økt sykt mye. Dollarpressen går helt amok.
Se lenken:
https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/currency-in-circulation-bil-of-$-m-nsa-fed-data.html
Trykk på "Max".
Resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus, Brazil, despite high seroprevalence
After initially containing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), many European and Asian countries had a resurgence of COVID-19 consistent with a large proportion of the population remaining susceptible to the virus after the first epidemic wave.
By contrast, in Manaus, Brazil, a study of blood donors indicated that 76% (95% CI 67–98) of the population had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 by October, 2020.
High attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 were also estimated in population-based samples from other locations in the Amazon Basin—eg, Iquitos, Peru 70% (67–73).
The estimated SARS-CoV-2 attack rate in Manaus would be above the theoretical herd immunity threshold (67%), given a basic case reproduction number (R0) of 3.
In this context, the abrupt increase in the number of COVID-19 hospital admissions in Manaus during January, 2021 (3431 in Jan 1–19, 2021, vs 552 in Dec 1–19, 2020) is unexpected and of concern (figure).
After a large epidemic that peaked in late April, 2020, COVID-19 hospitalisations in Manaus remained stable and fairly low for 7 months from May to November, despite the relaxation of COVID-19 control measures during that period (figure).
There are at least four non-mutually exclusive possible explanations for the resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus. First, the SARS-CoV-2 attack rate could have been overestimated during the first wave, and the population remained below the herd immunity threshold until the beginning of December, 2020. In this scenario, the resurgence could be explained by greater mixing of infected and susceptible individuals during December. The 76% estimate of past infection
might have been biased upwards due to adjustments to the observed 52·5% (95% CI 47·6–57·5) seroprevalence in June, 2020, to account for antibody waning. However, even this lower bound should confer important population immunity to avoid a larger outbreak. Furthermore, comparisons of blood donors with census data showed no major difference in a range of demographic variables, and the mandatory exclusion of donors with symptoms of COVID-19 is expected to underestimate the true population exposure to the virus. Reanalysis and model comparison by independent groups will help inform the best-fitting models for antibody waning and the representativeness of blood donors.
Second, immunity against infection might have already begun to wane by December, 2020, because of a general decrease in immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 after a first exposure. Waning of anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibody titres observed in blood donors
might reflect a loss of immune protection, although immunity to SARS-CoV-2 depends on a combination of B-cell and T-cell responses.
A study of UK health-care workers
showed that reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is uncommon up to 6 months after the primary infection. However, most of the SARS-CoV-2 infections in Manaus occurred 7–8 months before the resurgence in January, 2021; this is longer than the period covered by the UK study,
but nonetheless suggests that waning immunity alone is unlikely to fully explain the recent resurgence. Moreover, population mobility in Manaus decreased from mid-November, 2020, with a sharp reduction in late December, 2020,
suggesting that behavioural change does not account for the resurgence of hospitalisations.
Third, SARS-CoV-2 lineages might evade immunity generated in response to previous infection.
Three recently detected SARS-CoV-2 lineages (B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1), are unusually divergent and each possesses a unique constellation of mutations of potential biological importance.
Of these, two are circulating in Brazil (B.1.1.7 and P.1) and one (P.1) was detected in Manaus on Jan 12, 2021.
One case of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection has been associated with the P.1 lineage in Manaus that accrued ten unique spike protein mutations, including E484K and N501K.
Moreover, the newly classified P.2 lineage (sublineage of B.1.128 that independently accrued the spike E484K mutation) has now been detected in several locations in Brazil, including Manaus.
P.2 variants with the E484K mutation have been detected in two people who have been reinfected with SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil, and there is in-vitro evidence that the presence of the E484K mutation reduces neutralisation by polyclonal antibodies in convalescent sera.
Fourth, SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in the second wave might have higher inherent transmissibility than pre-existing lineages circulating in Manaus. The P.1 lineage was first discovered in Manaus.
In a preliminary study, this lineage reached a high frequency (42%, 13 of 31) among genome samples obtained from COVID-19 cases in December, 2020, but was absent in 26 samples collected in Manaus between March and November, 2020.
Thus far, little is known about the transmissibility of the P.1 lineage, but it shares several independently acquired mutations with the B.1.1.7 (N501Y) and the B.1.325 (K417N/T, E484K, N501Y) lineages circulating in the UK and South Africa, which seem to have increased transmissibility.
Contact tracing and outbreak investigation data are needed to better understand relative transmissibility of this lineage.
The new SARS-CoV-2 lineages may drive a resurgence of cases in the places where they circulate if they have increased transmissibility compared with pre-existing circulating lineages and if they are associated with antigenic escape. For this reason, the genetic, immunological, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics of these SARS-CoV-2 variants need to be quickly investigated. Conversely, if resurgence in Manaus is due to waning of protective immunity, then similar resurgence scenarios should be expected in other locations. Sustained serological and genomic surveillance in Manaus and elsewhere is a priority, with simultaneous monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Determining the efficacy of existing COVID-19 vaccines against variants in the P.1 lineage and other lineages with potential immune escape variants is also crucial. Genotyping viruses from COVID-19 patients who were not protected by vaccination in clinical trials would help us to understand if there are lineage-specific frequencies underlying reinfection. The protocols and findings of such studies should be coordinated and rapidly shared wherever such variants emerge and spread.
Since rapid data sharing is the basis for the development and implementation of actionable disease control measures during public health emergencies, we are openly sharing in real-time monthly curated serosurvey data from blood donors through the Brazil–UK Centre for Arbovirus Discovery, Diagnosis, Genomics and Epidemiology (CADDE) Centre GitHub website and will continue to share genetic sequence data and results from Manaus through openly accessible data platforms such as GISAID and Virological.
NRF reports funding from Wellcome Trust, the Royal Society, and the UK Medical Research Council. CAP reports grants from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Brasil and FAPESP. NMF reports grants from the UK Medical Research Council, the UK National Institute of Health Research, Community Jameel, NIH NIGMS, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. The other authors declare no competing interests.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00183-5/fulltext
Redigert 31.01.2021 kl 17:01
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Move Along
31.01.2021 kl 22:48
7144
Nettavisen: Oppsiktsvekkende studie om mulig korona-medisin - norsk ekspert er forsiktig optimist
Hevdes å være 100 ganger mer effektiv enn legemiddelet som brukes i dag.
https://www.nettavisen.no/nyheter/oppsiktsvekkende-studie-om-mulig-korona-medisin-norsk-ekspert-er-forsiktig-optimist/s/12-95-3424081551
Hevdes å være 100 ganger mer effektiv enn legemiddelet som brukes i dag.
https://www.nettavisen.no/nyheter/oppsiktsvekkende-studie-om-mulig-korona-medisin-norsk-ekspert-er-forsiktig-optimist/s/12-95-3424081551
Yngling ØH
31.01.2021 kl 23:15
7053
Slettet brukerskrevInnlegget er slettet
Sånn tolket jeg det også.
C21 fra svenske vicore pharma er mer aktuell.
C21 fra svenske vicore pharma er mer aktuell.
Yngling ØH
01.02.2021 kl 01:46
6867
Her ser dere retningen for bemcentinib i forhold til å kunne redusere skader / fibrose ifbm covid, og reversere allerede oppstått fibrose hos covid pasienter.
Lung cancer models reveal SARS-CoV-2-induced EMT contributes to COVID-19 pathophysiology C. Allison Stewart*1, Carl M. Gay*1, Kavya Ramkumar1, Kasey R. Cargill1, Robert J. Cardnell1, Monique B. Nilsson1, Simon Heeke1, Elizabeth M. Park1, Samrat T. Kundu1, Lixia Diao2, Qi Wang2, Li Shen2, Yuanxin Xi2, Bingnan Zhang1, Carminia Maria Della Corte3, Youhong Fan1, Kiran Kundu1, Boning Gao4, Kimberley Avila4, Curtis R. Pickering5, Faye M. Johnson1, Jianjun Zhang1, Humam Kadara6, John D. Minna4, Don L. Gibbons1, Jing Wang2, John V. Heymach1, Lauren Averett Byers1 * These authors contributed equally to this work. 1 Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 2 Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 3 Department of Precision Medicine, Oncology Division, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy 4 Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA 5 Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 6 Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA Running
Title
SARS-CoV-2 induces EMT changes in ACE2-positive epithelial cells
Abstract
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which enters host cells via the cell surface proteins ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Using a variety of normal and malignant models and tissues from the aerodigestive and respiratory tracts, we investigated the expression and regulation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. We find that ACE2 expression is restricted to a select population of highly epithelial cells. Notably, infection with SARS-CoV-2 in cancer cell lines, bronchial organoids, and patient nasal epithelium, induces metabolic and transcriptional changes consistent with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), including upregulation of ZEB1 and AXL, resulting in an increased EMT score. Additionally, a transcriptional loss of genes associated with tight junction function occurs with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The SARSCoV-2 receptor, ACE2, is repressed by EMT via TGFbeta, ZEB1 overexpression and onset of EGFR TKI inhibitor resistance. This suggests a novel model of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in which infected cells shift toward an increasingly mesenchymal state, associated with a loss of tight junction components with acute respiratory distress syndrome-protective effects. AXLinhibition and ZEB1-reduction, as with bemcentinib, offers a potential strategy to reverse this effect. These observations highlight the utility of aerodigestive and, especially, lung cancer model systems in exploring the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses, and offer important insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in healthy patients and cancer patients alike.
...osv...
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces EMT We next sought to determine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the EMT status of the infected cell. We analyzed RNAseq data from NSCLC cell lines (A549 and Calu-3) infected for 24h with SARS-CoV-2 (GSE147507)60. Since A549 cells have low endogenous levels of ACE2 expression, the authors additionally transduced these cells with a vector over-expressing human ACE2 to improve infection. Expression of the epithelial gene EPCAM was downregulated following viral infection (Calu-3 P=0.03, A549+ACE2 P=0.01 Figure 2a; A549 P=0.04 Supplemental Figure 3a), suggesting that infection is inducing a shift away from an epithelial phenotype. This was confirmed by ZEB1 upregulation in all three cell lines (Calu-3 P=0.01, A549+ACE2 P=0.05 Figure 2a; A549 P=0.003 Supplemental Figure 3a) following infection. An alternative EMT regulator, AXL, which is a TAM (Tyro3, AXL, Mer) family receptor tyrosine kinase strongly associated with a mesenchymal phenotype, has emerged as a key determinant of therapeutic resistance in NSCLC and other cancer types49,61. Similar to ZEB1, AXL is inversely correlated with ACE2 in cell line and tumor samples (Table 1). Furthermore, infection of cells with SARS-CoV-2 upregulated AXL expression in all three cell lines (Calu-3 P=0.004, A549+ACE2 P=0.02 Figure 2a; A549 P<0.001 Supplemental Figure 3a). A similar induction of mesenchymal genes with viral infection was observed for SNAI1 (Calu-3: FC=1.84, P=0.009; A549+ACE2: FC=7.43, P=0.01) and ZEB2 (Calu-3: FC=6.74, P=0.002; A549+ACE2: FC=5.17, P=0.0001). However, EMT score was not different between mock or SARS-CoV-2 infected Calu-3 (FC= -1.09, P=0.14) or A549+ACE2 cells (FC= -1.03, P=0.48) and this may be due to the relatively short period of viral infection (24h). EMT is also known to downregulate tight junction components, including several members of the Claudin protein family62. Claudins are integral membrane proteins localized at tight junctions that are involved in regulating epithelial cell polarity and paracellular permeability. COVID-19 patients with ARDS suffer from pulmonary edema due in part to disruption of tight junctions within alveolar-epithelial barrier63. CLDN2 is expressed in respiratory epithelium, but a role in mediating alveolar edema has not been described64. However, out of all Claudin family members, CLDN2 was downregulated in all three cell lines (Calu-3 P=0.004, A549+ACE2 P=0.02 Figure 2a; A549 P=0.008 Supplemental Figure 3a), suggesting a change in epithelial and endothelial cell permeability that may contribute to ARDS in patients with COVID-19. Similarly, there was a reduction in TJP3, the gene encoding a scaffolding protein that links tight junction transmembrane proteins, such as claudins, to the actin cytoskeleton (Calu3: FC= -1.48, P=0.04; A549+ACE2: FC=-2.89, P=0.10) following viral infection. Evidence of a metabolic shift away from glutamine was observed post-infection, as GLUL expression was reduced in ACE2high cell lines, but not in non-transfected A549 (Calu-3 P=0.01, A549+ACE2 P=0.01 Supplemental Figure 3b, A549 P=0.56). The ZEB1 and AXL increase and EPCAM and GLUL decrease point toward a SARS-CoV-2 induced shift from an epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype. To determine whether longer exposure to virus may induce additional EMT changes, we analyzed RNAseq data from human bronchial organoids developed from commercially available, cryopreserved adult bronchial epithelial cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 for five days (GSE150819)65. There was a subtle increase in both ZEB1 (P=0.12) and AXL (P=0.14), as well as other mesenchymal genes, including VIM (FC=1.56, P=0.01), ZEB2 (FC=3.23, P=0.22), SNAI1 (FC=4.75, P=0.05), CDH2 (FC=2.06, P=0.02). Importantly, longer SARS-CoV-2 infection increased the EMT score (P=0.05; Figure 2b). While these shifts are not as strong as those seen in the cell lines, there is a clear pattern for expression of the epithelial and mesenchymal genes making up the EMT score by heatmap (Figure 2c). Similar to the NSCLC cell lines, SARS-CoV-2 infection downregulated expression of tight junction-related genes, including CLDN8 (FC=-2.66, P=0.009) and CLDN17 (FC=-1.62; P=0.05). Finally, to evaluate whether viral-induced EMT also occurs in patients, we analyzed metagenomic next-generation sequencing data of human nasopharangeal swabs from 430 PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and 54 negative control individuals (GSE154770)66. SARS-CoV-2 infection downregulated expression of EPCAM (P<0.0001) and upregulated ZEB1 (P<0.0001) and AXL (P<0.0005; Figure 2d). Similar patterns were found with other epithelial genes, including RAB25 (FC=-2.35; P<0.0001) and CTNNB1 (FC=-3.38; P<0.0001) or mesenchymal genes, including ZEB2 (FC=8.14, P<0.0001). As expected, viral infection was associated with an increased EMT score (P<0.0001; Figure 2d) and TGFB1 expression (FC=2.75, P<0.0001). Interestingly, EMT gene expression was not impacted by viral load (Supplemental Figure 3c), as defined by the cycle threshold (Ct) of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid gene region 1 (N1) target during diagnostic PCR66. This suggests that EMT is induced in cells, regardless of the viral burden in the patient. Consistent with the previous metabolic data, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces expression of GLS, indicating a shift away from glutamine production (P=0.009; Supplemental Figure 3d). Similar to the cell lines and bronchial organoids, SARS-CoV-2 infection reduces expression of genes associated with tight junctions (Figure 2e), including CLDN4 (FC=-6.63, P<0.0001), CLDN7 (FC=-6.59, P<0.0001), CLDN3 (FC=-5.14; P<0.0001), CLDN9 (FC=-1.72; P<0.0001), CLDN23 (FC=-1.95, P=0.0002), TJP2 (FC=-1.58, P=0.05), and TJP3 (FC=-2.22, P<0.0001).
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.28.122291v2.full.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwipoua5tsfuAhWj_CoKHZzUATkQFjADegQIDBAB&usg=AOvVaw0r--MfBoBHgRIAvn7CbZVO
Wow!!! Sjekk ut p-value på alle disse prøvene. Den teorien forskerne testet fremstår som fulltreffer på alle punkter. Les hele studien jeg lenket.
Denne studien burde gjøre alle bullish til bemcentinib mot covid, men også bemcentinib mot fibrose.
Lung cancer models reveal SARS-CoV-2-induced EMT contributes to COVID-19 pathophysiology C. Allison Stewart*1, Carl M. Gay*1, Kavya Ramkumar1, Kasey R. Cargill1, Robert J. Cardnell1, Monique B. Nilsson1, Simon Heeke1, Elizabeth M. Park1, Samrat T. Kundu1, Lixia Diao2, Qi Wang2, Li Shen2, Yuanxin Xi2, Bingnan Zhang1, Carminia Maria Della Corte3, Youhong Fan1, Kiran Kundu1, Boning Gao4, Kimberley Avila4, Curtis R. Pickering5, Faye M. Johnson1, Jianjun Zhang1, Humam Kadara6, John D. Minna4, Don L. Gibbons1, Jing Wang2, John V. Heymach1, Lauren Averett Byers1 * These authors contributed equally to this work. 1 Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 2 Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 3 Department of Precision Medicine, Oncology Division, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy 4 Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA 5 Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA 6 Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA Running
Title
SARS-CoV-2 induces EMT changes in ACE2-positive epithelial cells
Abstract
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which enters host cells via the cell surface proteins ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Using a variety of normal and malignant models and tissues from the aerodigestive and respiratory tracts, we investigated the expression and regulation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. We find that ACE2 expression is restricted to a select population of highly epithelial cells. Notably, infection with SARS-CoV-2 in cancer cell lines, bronchial organoids, and patient nasal epithelium, induces metabolic and transcriptional changes consistent with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), including upregulation of ZEB1 and AXL, resulting in an increased EMT score. Additionally, a transcriptional loss of genes associated with tight junction function occurs with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The SARSCoV-2 receptor, ACE2, is repressed by EMT via TGFbeta, ZEB1 overexpression and onset of EGFR TKI inhibitor resistance. This suggests a novel model of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in which infected cells shift toward an increasingly mesenchymal state, associated with a loss of tight junction components with acute respiratory distress syndrome-protective effects. AXLinhibition and ZEB1-reduction, as with bemcentinib, offers a potential strategy to reverse this effect. These observations highlight the utility of aerodigestive and, especially, lung cancer model systems in exploring the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses, and offer important insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in healthy patients and cancer patients alike.
...osv...
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces EMT We next sought to determine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the EMT status of the infected cell. We analyzed RNAseq data from NSCLC cell lines (A549 and Calu-3) infected for 24h with SARS-CoV-2 (GSE147507)60. Since A549 cells have low endogenous levels of ACE2 expression, the authors additionally transduced these cells with a vector over-expressing human ACE2 to improve infection. Expression of the epithelial gene EPCAM was downregulated following viral infection (Calu-3 P=0.03, A549+ACE2 P=0.01 Figure 2a; A549 P=0.04 Supplemental Figure 3a), suggesting that infection is inducing a shift away from an epithelial phenotype. This was confirmed by ZEB1 upregulation in all three cell lines (Calu-3 P=0.01, A549+ACE2 P=0.05 Figure 2a; A549 P=0.003 Supplemental Figure 3a) following infection. An alternative EMT regulator, AXL, which is a TAM (Tyro3, AXL, Mer) family receptor tyrosine kinase strongly associated with a mesenchymal phenotype, has emerged as a key determinant of therapeutic resistance in NSCLC and other cancer types49,61. Similar to ZEB1, AXL is inversely correlated with ACE2 in cell line and tumor samples (Table 1). Furthermore, infection of cells with SARS-CoV-2 upregulated AXL expression in all three cell lines (Calu-3 P=0.004, A549+ACE2 P=0.02 Figure 2a; A549 P<0.001 Supplemental Figure 3a). A similar induction of mesenchymal genes with viral infection was observed for SNAI1 (Calu-3: FC=1.84, P=0.009; A549+ACE2: FC=7.43, P=0.01) and ZEB2 (Calu-3: FC=6.74, P=0.002; A549+ACE2: FC=5.17, P=0.0001). However, EMT score was not different between mock or SARS-CoV-2 infected Calu-3 (FC= -1.09, P=0.14) or A549+ACE2 cells (FC= -1.03, P=0.48) and this may be due to the relatively short period of viral infection (24h). EMT is also known to downregulate tight junction components, including several members of the Claudin protein family62. Claudins are integral membrane proteins localized at tight junctions that are involved in regulating epithelial cell polarity and paracellular permeability. COVID-19 patients with ARDS suffer from pulmonary edema due in part to disruption of tight junctions within alveolar-epithelial barrier63. CLDN2 is expressed in respiratory epithelium, but a role in mediating alveolar edema has not been described64. However, out of all Claudin family members, CLDN2 was downregulated in all three cell lines (Calu-3 P=0.004, A549+ACE2 P=0.02 Figure 2a; A549 P=0.008 Supplemental Figure 3a), suggesting a change in epithelial and endothelial cell permeability that may contribute to ARDS in patients with COVID-19. Similarly, there was a reduction in TJP3, the gene encoding a scaffolding protein that links tight junction transmembrane proteins, such as claudins, to the actin cytoskeleton (Calu3: FC= -1.48, P=0.04; A549+ACE2: FC=-2.89, P=0.10) following viral infection. Evidence of a metabolic shift away from glutamine was observed post-infection, as GLUL expression was reduced in ACE2high cell lines, but not in non-transfected A549 (Calu-3 P=0.01, A549+ACE2 P=0.01 Supplemental Figure 3b, A549 P=0.56). The ZEB1 and AXL increase and EPCAM and GLUL decrease point toward a SARS-CoV-2 induced shift from an epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype. To determine whether longer exposure to virus may induce additional EMT changes, we analyzed RNAseq data from human bronchial organoids developed from commercially available, cryopreserved adult bronchial epithelial cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 for five days (GSE150819)65. There was a subtle increase in both ZEB1 (P=0.12) and AXL (P=0.14), as well as other mesenchymal genes, including VIM (FC=1.56, P=0.01), ZEB2 (FC=3.23, P=0.22), SNAI1 (FC=4.75, P=0.05), CDH2 (FC=2.06, P=0.02). Importantly, longer SARS-CoV-2 infection increased the EMT score (P=0.05; Figure 2b). While these shifts are not as strong as those seen in the cell lines, there is a clear pattern for expression of the epithelial and mesenchymal genes making up the EMT score by heatmap (Figure 2c). Similar to the NSCLC cell lines, SARS-CoV-2 infection downregulated expression of tight junction-related genes, including CLDN8 (FC=-2.66, P=0.009) and CLDN17 (FC=-1.62; P=0.05). Finally, to evaluate whether viral-induced EMT also occurs in patients, we analyzed metagenomic next-generation sequencing data of human nasopharangeal swabs from 430 PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and 54 negative control individuals (GSE154770)66. SARS-CoV-2 infection downregulated expression of EPCAM (P<0.0001) and upregulated ZEB1 (P<0.0001) and AXL (P<0.0005; Figure 2d). Similar patterns were found with other epithelial genes, including RAB25 (FC=-2.35; P<0.0001) and CTNNB1 (FC=-3.38; P<0.0001) or mesenchymal genes, including ZEB2 (FC=8.14, P<0.0001). As expected, viral infection was associated with an increased EMT score (P<0.0001; Figure 2d) and TGFB1 expression (FC=2.75, P<0.0001). Interestingly, EMT gene expression was not impacted by viral load (Supplemental Figure 3c), as defined by the cycle threshold (Ct) of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid gene region 1 (N1) target during diagnostic PCR66. This suggests that EMT is induced in cells, regardless of the viral burden in the patient. Consistent with the previous metabolic data, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces expression of GLS, indicating a shift away from glutamine production (P=0.009; Supplemental Figure 3d). Similar to the cell lines and bronchial organoids, SARS-CoV-2 infection reduces expression of genes associated with tight junctions (Figure 2e), including CLDN4 (FC=-6.63, P<0.0001), CLDN7 (FC=-6.59, P<0.0001), CLDN3 (FC=-5.14; P<0.0001), CLDN9 (FC=-1.72; P<0.0001), CLDN23 (FC=-1.95, P=0.0002), TJP2 (FC=-1.58, P=0.05), and TJP3 (FC=-2.22, P<0.0001).
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.28.122291v2.full.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwipoua5tsfuAhWj_CoKHZzUATkQFjADegQIDBAB&usg=AOvVaw0r--MfBoBHgRIAvn7CbZVO
Wow!!! Sjekk ut p-value på alle disse prøvene. Den teorien forskerne testet fremstår som fulltreffer på alle punkter. Les hele studien jeg lenket.
Denne studien burde gjøre alle bullish til bemcentinib mot covid, men også bemcentinib mot fibrose.
Redigert 01.02.2021 kl 10:12
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Yngling ØH
01.02.2021 kl 08:43
6625
P-value betyr i denne sammenhengen sånn cirka; 'sannsynlighet for at det de har målt kan være feil'. Om du ganger p-value med 100 får du prosent sannsynlighet for at det de har målt kan være feil.
Yngling ØH
01.02.2021 kl 13:18
6270
Kjøpte litt mer i dag jeg.
Den studien jeg lenket over er en oppfølgingsstudie på en studie som ble publisert for et år siden. Så dette er nok solide data.
Den sier ikke så mye om bemcentinibs kill-ratio i forhold til sars-cov-2, men dere har kanskje sett i mange andre studier og presentasjoner at ACE2 uttrykket blir redusert når covid pasienter blir sykere?
Denne studien forklarer hva som skjer. Pasientene går over i en epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) stadium, som vi for enkelthetsskyld kan kalle fibrotisk tilstand. Når dette skjer mister cellene sin elektriske bindingsevne til hverandre, sånn at de migrerer og celler som kommer inn for å erstatte disse cellene er ikke av samme type celler.
Dette er inflammasjon "gone-haywire". Tenk: i stedet for en bråtebrann, så er det en atombombe som ødelegger alt over og under bakken.
Bemcentinib har ikke bare evnen til å stoppe dette, men også reversere noe av skadene som oppstår.
Her viser forskerne at i alle fall kreftpasienter burde vert på bemcentinib for å forhindre at de utvikler alvorlig covid. Og funnene i studien virker krystallklare på at dette er solide data.
Sannsynligvis gjelder ikke dette kun kreftpasienter, men det er den gruppen de har undersøkt.
Den studien jeg lenket over er en oppfølgingsstudie på en studie som ble publisert for et år siden. Så dette er nok solide data.
Den sier ikke så mye om bemcentinibs kill-ratio i forhold til sars-cov-2, men dere har kanskje sett i mange andre studier og presentasjoner at ACE2 uttrykket blir redusert når covid pasienter blir sykere?
Denne studien forklarer hva som skjer. Pasientene går over i en epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) stadium, som vi for enkelthetsskyld kan kalle fibrotisk tilstand. Når dette skjer mister cellene sin elektriske bindingsevne til hverandre, sånn at de migrerer og celler som kommer inn for å erstatte disse cellene er ikke av samme type celler.
Dette er inflammasjon "gone-haywire". Tenk: i stedet for en bråtebrann, så er det en atombombe som ødelegger alt over og under bakken.
Bemcentinib har ikke bare evnen til å stoppe dette, men også reversere noe av skadene som oppstår.
Her viser forskerne at i alle fall kreftpasienter burde vert på bemcentinib for å forhindre at de utvikler alvorlig covid. Og funnene i studien virker krystallklare på at dette er solide data.
Sannsynligvis gjelder ikke dette kun kreftpasienter, men det er den gruppen de har undersøkt.
Yngling ØH
01.02.2021 kl 13:33
6190
Betyr dette at bemcentinib vil vise effekt i pågående studier i SA / India og UK?
Svaret må vel være "ja". For noen pasienter. Og antagelig de som ville blitt sykest. Spørsmålet som fortsatt melder seg er om bemcentinib blir gitt tidlig nok i disse studiene til at de tar knekken helt på sars-cov-2 infeksjonen. Men jeg tror vi kommer til å se at pasientene vil ha noe mindre lungeskader etc hos dem som får bemcentinib.
(En del pasienter vil jo allerede ha pådratt seg skader når de ankommer sykehusene, og jeg tror at pasienter i SA og India er sykere når de ankommer sykehusene, enn det vi f.eks ser her i Norge. Spørsmålet er da om de kommer så sent på sykehus at det er lite bemcentinib kan gjøre på så kort tid...)
Svaret må vel være "ja". For noen pasienter. Og antagelig de som ville blitt sykest. Spørsmålet som fortsatt melder seg er om bemcentinib blir gitt tidlig nok i disse studiene til at de tar knekken helt på sars-cov-2 infeksjonen. Men jeg tror vi kommer til å se at pasientene vil ha noe mindre lungeskader etc hos dem som får bemcentinib.
(En del pasienter vil jo allerede ha pådratt seg skader når de ankommer sykehusene, og jeg tror at pasienter i SA og India er sykere når de ankommer sykehusene, enn det vi f.eks ser her i Norge. Spørsmålet er da om de kommer så sent på sykehus at det er lite bemcentinib kan gjøre på så kort tid...)
focuss
01.02.2021 kl 15:55
6028
Midt i en Pandemi, som blir verre og verre, så mener BGBIO de kan ha medisin som er effektiv mot svineriet. Ett svineri som er på førstesiden kloden rundt. Da skulle man tro at BGBIO måtte være ikke bare norges men kanskje verdens mest spennende aksje. Den er ikke det, men kanskje den kjedeligste på OSE. Er det vanskelig å forstå årsaken? Not.
Benytter du anledningen til å øke? Ser jeg ikke skulle brent av alt kruttet @34,85....
focuss
01.02.2021 kl 16:08
5979
Nei. Jeg gjør ikke det. Dette fordi at i biotec er det høy risk. Da er det minste man kan forvente at man har en ledelse som er til å stole på. En leder som ikke forstår det er uegnet til å lede et selskap som BGBIO.
focuss
01.02.2021 kl 16:15
5993
Tror vi må se konkrete resultater her før det skjer noe av betydning med kursen. Enten den ene eller den andre veien.. Nei, med 2% av porteføljen gidder jeg ikke.
Redigert 01.02.2021 kl 16:17
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Yngling ØH
01.02.2021 kl 19:04
5631
Denne studien viser at det å angripe TGF-beta er effektivt mot covid.
Bemcentinib reduserer TGF-beta.
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.24.21250418v1
Bemcentinib reduserer TGF-beta.
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.24.21250418v1
Yngling ØH
01.02.2021 kl 19:20
5597
Denne studien dokumenterer fibrose i lungene i covid pasienter med langvarige plager. Det som er spennende er at de måler fibrose med litt andre markører enn det som er oppgitt for bemcentinib.
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.31.21250870v1
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.31.21250870v1
Yngling ØH
01.02.2021 kl 19:44
5524
Fra studien "SARS-CoV-2 induces EMT changes in ACE2-positive epithelial cells":
We provide evidence that the miR-200 family – zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) pathway, which is an established regulator of EMT29,30, also directly regulates ACE2 expression, likely via putative ZEB1 repressor sites located in the ACE2 promoter. Furthermore, we highlight that SARS-CoV-2 infection both in vitro and in patients yields increased expression of EMT-associated genes, including ZEB1 and AXL and metabolic derangements (e.g. a shift away from glutamine and toward glutamate) characteristic of EMT31,32. Inhibition of AXL, a mesenchymal receptor tyrosine kinase, with bemcentinib both induces ACE2 and represses ZEB1 and may serve as a therapy to shift SARS-CoV-2 infected cells away from a mesenchymal phenotype (i.e., reverse EMT).
......
In this context, our findings support a novel model for the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in which the virus initially infects a small pool of highly epithelial cells of the aerodigestive and respiratory tracts followed by those infected cells undergoing molecular alterations typical of EMT (i.e., ZEB1/AXL upregulation). These EMT-like
alterations, in turn, result directly in the down-regulation of genes associated with tight junctions and, in doing so, eradicate the proposed ARDS-protective effect of these epithelial, ACE2-positive cells.
We provide evidence that the miR-200 family – zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) pathway, which is an established regulator of EMT29,30, also directly regulates ACE2 expression, likely via putative ZEB1 repressor sites located in the ACE2 promoter. Furthermore, we highlight that SARS-CoV-2 infection both in vitro and in patients yields increased expression of EMT-associated genes, including ZEB1 and AXL and metabolic derangements (e.g. a shift away from glutamine and toward glutamate) characteristic of EMT31,32. Inhibition of AXL, a mesenchymal receptor tyrosine kinase, with bemcentinib both induces ACE2 and represses ZEB1 and may serve as a therapy to shift SARS-CoV-2 infected cells away from a mesenchymal phenotype (i.e., reverse EMT).
......
In this context, our findings support a novel model for the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in which the virus initially infects a small pool of highly epithelial cells of the aerodigestive and respiratory tracts followed by those infected cells undergoing molecular alterations typical of EMT (i.e., ZEB1/AXL upregulation). These EMT-like
alterations, in turn, result directly in the down-regulation of genes associated with tight junctions and, in doing so, eradicate the proposed ARDS-protective effect of these epithelial, ACE2-positive cells.
Redigert 01.02.2021 kl 19:49
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Rule
01.02.2021 kl 19:51
5504
Den artikel du har henvist til er umiddelbart fra Maj 2020. Måske først nu vi forstår betydningen...